15+ Đề Trắc Nghiệm Tiếng Anh lớp 10 Unit 9: Protecting the environment – Reading – Global Success

Câu 1: Read the following passage and choose the best option to complete the sentence.

Environmental pollution is a global issue that affects everyone. It refers to the contamination of the environment by harmful substances or energy. Pollution can take many forms, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution, and even light pollution. Each type has different sources and impacts, but all contribute to the degradation of our planet and pose risks to human health and ecosystems.

According to the passage, environmental pollution is a problem that ______.

• A. only affects developed countries
• B. is limited to air and water contamination
• C. impacts people all over the world
• D. primarily harms only ecosystems, not humans

Câu 2: Based on the passage in Câu 1, which of the following is NOT listed as a form of environmental pollution?

• A. Visual pollution
• B. Noise pollution
• C. Soil pollution
• D. Light pollution

Câu 3: Read the following text. What is the main idea?

Deforestation, the clearing of forests by logging or burning, has significant environmental consequences. It destroys habitats, leading to a loss of biodiversity. It also contributes to climate change by reducing the number of trees that absorb carbon dioxide and by releasing stored carbon when trees are burned. Furthermore, deforestation can cause soil erosion and disrupt water cycles, impacting local communities and ecosystems.

The main idea of this text is about ______.

• A. the causes of climate change
• B. the negative impacts of deforestation
• C. how forests absorb carbon dioxide
• D. ways to prevent soil erosion

Câu 4: According to the text in Câu 3, how does deforestation contribute to climate change?

• A. It increases the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.
• B. It helps the soil absorb more water.
• C. It creates new habitats for animals.
• D. It reduces carbon dioxide absorption and releases stored carbon.

Câu 5: Read the following passage and identify the author"s purpose.

Recycling is a simple yet powerful action individuals can take to help the environment. By sorting materials like paper, plastic, glass, and metal, we can reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills, conserve natural resources, and save energy used in manufacturing new products. Many communities offer curbside recycling programs, making it easier than ever to participate. Let"s all make recycling a habit!

The author"s main purpose is to ______.

• A. persuade readers to recycle
• B. explain how landfills work
• C. describe different types of waste
• D. compare recycling programs in different communities

Câu 6: Based on the passage in Câu 5, which benefit of recycling is mentioned?

• A. It creates new jobs in manufacturing.
• B. It increases the cost of new products.
• C. It helps conserve natural resources.
• D. It removes pollution from the air.

Câu 7: Read the following sentence: "The factory released toxic chemicals into the river, causing severe harm to the aquatic ecosystem."

What does the word "aquatic" mean in this context?

• A. related to the air
• B. related to water
• C. related to the soil
• D. related to forests

Câu 8: Consider the concept of "biodiversity". Which situation best illustrates a loss of biodiversity?

• A. A national park successfully protects several rare species.
• B. Scientists discover new species of insects in a rainforest.
• C. Farmers cultivate many different types of crops on their land.
• D. A forest is cut down, and many plant and animal species disappear from the area.

Câu 9: The term "sustainable development" is often used in environmental discussions. Which action is most aligned with the principle of sustainable development?

• A. Cutting down all trees in a forest for quick profit.
• B. Building a factory that pollutes the local river but creates many jobs.
• C. Using solar power to run homes and businesses instead of fossil fuels.
• D. Extracting all mineral resources from a region without considering future needs.

Câu 10: What is the primary purpose of a "conservation" effort, as often discussed in environmental texts?

• A. To manage and protect natural resources for current and future use.
• B. To prevent any human activity in natural areas.
• C. To discover new species in remote locations.
• D. To restore extinct species to their former habitats.

Câu 11: Read the following sentence: "Pollution from factories and vehicles has led to a significant degradation of air quality in urban areas."

What does "degradation" mean in this context?

• A. Improvement
• B. Worsening or decline
• C. Stabilization
• D. Expansion

Câu 12: Imagine you are reading a text about endangered species. Which detail would you expect to find?

• A. Information about common pets.
• B. A list of the world"s largest animals.
• C. Details about animals that live only in zoos.
• D. Reasons why certain animal populations are decreasing and facing extinction.

Câu 13: Read the following sentence: "Governments are implementing stricter regulations to curb industrial emissions."

What does "curb" most likely mean in this sentence?

• A. Increase
• B. Measure
• C. Control or limit
• D. Promote

Câu 14: What is the primary environmental benefit of using "renewable energy sources" like solar or wind power?

• A. They produce little to no greenhouse gas emissions.
• B. They are significantly cheaper to set up than fossil fuel plants.
• C. They can be stored indefinitely without losing energy.
• D. They require no infrastructure to distribute power.

Câu 15: A text discusses the importance of protecting "habitats". Which example represents a habitat?

• A. A single bird"s nest.
• B. A large coral reef ecosystem where many species live.
• C. A laboratory where animals are studied.
• D. A fence built around a park.

Câu 16: When a text mentions "conservation efforts", which activity is a typical example?

• A. Building new roads through a forest.
• B. Increasing fishing quotas to catch more fish.
• C. Using disposable plastic products frequently.
• D. Establishing protected areas for wildlife.

Câu 17: Read the following sentence: "The overuse of pesticides has contaminated the soil, making it difficult for plants to grow."

What does "contaminated" mean in this sentence?

• A. Polluted or made impure
• B. Enriched with nutrients
• C. Dried out
• D. Improved in quality

Câu 18: A text discusses the concept of "ecosystems". Which statement best describes an ecosystem?

• A. Only the plants living in a specific area.
• B. Only the animals living in a specific area.
• C. A community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment.
• D. The climate conditions of a region.

Câu 19: Why is "reducing waste" often considered the first step in managing environmental impact?

• A. Because recycling is too expensive.
• B. Because it prevents the need to process or dispose of materials in the first place.
• C. Because landfills are the best solution for waste.
• D. Because reusing items is always impossible.

Câu 20: Read the following sentence: "The environmental group launched a campaign to raise public awareness about the effects of plastic pollution."

What is the purpose of "raising public awareness" in this context?

• A. To find volunteers for cleaning beaches.
• B. To collect money for the group.
• C. To force companies to stop using plastic.
• D. To inform and educate people about the issue so they might change their behavior.

Câu 21: A text describes the "greenhouse effect". What is the main environmental concern related to an increase in the greenhouse effect?

• A. Global warming and climate change.
• B. A decrease in global temperatures.
• C. An increase in the ozone layer.
• D. More frequent earthquakes.

Câu 22: Read the following sentence: "Many marine animals are threatened by the accumulation of plastic waste in the oceans."

What does "accumulation" mean here?

• A. Removal
• B. Breakdown
• C. Gathering or build-up
• D. Transformation

Câu 23: A text discusses the importance of "preserving" natural areas. What is the core idea behind environmental preservation?

• A. Using natural resources wisely for human benefit.
• B. Protecting natural areas from human interference to keep them in their natural state.
• C. Planting new trees in deforested areas.
• D. Finding ways to make polluted areas clean again.

Câu 24: Which of the following actions represents a direct effort to "reduce your carbon footprint"?

• A. Walking or cycling instead of driving a car.
• B. Buying products with more packaging.
• C. Using more electricity at home.
• D. Throwing away old clothes.

Câu 25: Read the following sentence: "Pollution can have detrimental effects on both human health and the environment."

What does "detrimental" mean?

• A. Beneficial
• B. Neutral
• C. Minor
• D. Harmful

Câu 26: A text mentions "habitat destruction" as a major threat to wildlife. What is a likely consequence of habitat destruction?

• A. Species becoming endangered or extinct.
• B. An increase in the population of all species.
• C. Animals adapting easily to new environments.
• D. A decrease in global temperatures.

Câu 27: Read the following sentence: "Individual actions, when multiplied across a large population, can have a significant collective impact on the environment."

This sentence emphasizes the importance of ______.

• A. relying only on government regulations.
• B. waiting for large corporations to act.
• C. the combined effect of many small efforts.
• D. focusing only on global-scale problems.

Câu 28: What is the primary environmental benefit of using "recycled paper" instead of paper from new trees?

• A. It makes the paper stronger.
• B. It reduces the need to cut down more trees.
• C. It makes the paper whiter.
• D. It uses more energy in production.

Câu 29: A text discusses the concept of "soil erosion". Which environmental factor is a major cause of soil erosion?

• A. Planting more trees.
• B. Using organic fertilizers.
• C. Recycling plastic bottles.
• D. Deforestation and heavy rain.

Câu 30: Based on your understanding of environmental protection from this unit, which statement is an opinion rather than a widely accepted fact?

• A. Protecting the environment is the most important issue facing humanity today.
• B. Recycling helps reduce waste in landfills.
• C. Pollution can harm human health.
• D. Deforestation leads to loss of habitats.

Câu 1: Read the following sentence: "The excessive use of plastic is detrimental to marine life." What does "detrimental" most likely mean in this context?

• A. Beneficial
• B. Harmful
• C. Essential
• D. Unnecessary

Câu 2: Which of the following human activities is LEAST likely to contribute to deforestation?

• A. Expanding agricultural land
• B. Illegal logging for timber
• C. Urban sprawl and construction
• D. Promoting ecotourism and national parks

Câu 3: Consider this scenario: A town is experiencing severe air pollution from nearby factories. What would be the most effective long-term solution to address this environmental issue?

• A. Temporarily relocating residents during peak pollution times.
• B. Planting trees to absorb pollutants (without factory changes).
• C. Implementing stricter emission controls and cleaner technologies in factories.
• D. Distributing free air purifiers to households.

Câu 4: Read the excerpt: "Renewable energy sources like solar and wind power offer a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, reducing our carbon footprint." What is the implied benefit of using renewable energy sources?

• A. Lowering greenhouse gas emissions and combating climate change.
• B. Increasing the cost of electricity for consumers.
• C. Depleting natural resources more rapidly.
• D. Promoting the use of non-renewable resources.

Câu 5: Which of the following is an example of "reduce" in the "reduce, reuse, recycle" environmental hierarchy?

• A. Turning old newspapers into new paper products.
• B. Buying products with minimal packaging.
• C. Using a glass bottle to store water after the original contents are finished.
• D. Donating unwanted clothes to charity.

Câu 6: What is the primary purpose of creating "wildlife corridors" in areas fragmented by human development?

• A. To attract more tourists to natural areas.
• B. To increase agricultural productivity in surrounding lands.
• C. To allow animals to move safely between habitats and maintain genetic diversity.
• D. To prevent urban expansion into natural areas.

Câu 7: Which statement best describes the concept of "sustainable development"?

• A. Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
• B. Prioritizing economic growth at all costs, regardless of environmental impact.
• C. Focusing solely on preserving nature, even if it hinders human progress.
• D. Using up all natural resources now for maximum benefit.

Câu 8: What is the most significant environmental consequence of burning fossil fuels?

• A. Depletion of water resources.
• B. Increased greenhouse gas emissions and global warming.
• C. Acid rain and deforestation.
• D. Ozone layer depletion.

Câu 9: Which of these actions is an example of "conservation" rather than "preservation" of a forest?

• A. Establishing a national park where no logging or development is allowed.
• B. Creating a wilderness area that is off-limits to human activity.
• C. Banning all hunting and fishing within the forest.
• D. Implementing sustainable forestry practices and controlled logging in designated areas.

Câu 10: If a community decides to switch from plastic bags to reusable cloth bags, what environmental benefit are they primarily aiming to achieve?

• A. Reducing water pollution from textile production.
• B. Lowering the cost of groceries.
• C. Reducing plastic waste and its impact on ecosystems.
• D. Increasing the demand for cotton farming.

Câu 11: What is the role of "wetlands" in protecting the environment?

• A. They are primarily sources of methane emissions.
• B. They act as natural filters for water and provide habitat for biodiversity.
• C. They contribute significantly to deforestation.
• D. They are mainly used for industrial waste disposal.

Câu 12: Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?

• A. Solar energy
• B. Wind power
• C. Crude oil
• D. Forest timber (if sustainably managed)

Câu 13: How does "overfishing" negatively impact marine ecosystems?

• A. It disrupts food chains, reduces fish populations, and damages marine habitats.
• B. It increases the growth of coral reefs.
• C. It helps to control invasive species in the ocean.
• D. It has no significant impact on marine ecosystems.

Câu 14: What is "carbon offsetting" in the context of environmental protection?

• A. Increasing carbon emissions to stimulate plant growth.
• B. Ignoring carbon emissions and focusing on other pollutants.
• C. Directly capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it.
• D. Compensating for carbon emissions by funding projects that reduce emissions elsewhere.

Câu 15: Which of these is an example of citizen science contributing to environmental protection?

• A. Government agencies enforcing environmental regulations.
• B. Volunteers collecting data on local bird populations to monitor biodiversity.
• C. Corporations investing in green technologies for profit.
• D. Scientists conducting lab research on pollution levels.

Câu 16: Read the sentence: "Erosion of topsoil significantly reduces agricultural productivity." What does "erosion" mean in this context?

• A. Fertilization
• B. Irrigation
• C. Wearing away
• D. Cultivation

Câu 17: What is a "food mile" and why is reducing food miles considered environmentally beneficial?

• A. The distance food travels from producer to consumer; reducing it lowers transportation emissions.
• B. The caloric content of food; reducing it helps with weight loss.
• C. The cost of food production; reducing it makes food more affordable.
• D. The nutritional value of food; reducing it makes food healthier.

Câu 18: Which of the following is NOT a consequence of climate change?

• A. Rising sea levels and coastal flooding.
• B. More frequent and intense heatwaves.
• C. Changes in precipitation patterns and increased droughts.
• D. Depletion of the ozone layer.

Câu 19: What is the purpose of "protected areas" like national parks and nature reserves?

• A. To promote industrial development in natural landscapes.
• B. To conserve biodiversity and natural ecosystems from human exploitation.
• C. To provide unlimited access for recreational activities.
• D. To extract natural resources for economic gain.

Câu 20: If a factory illegally dumps toxic waste into a river, what type of pollution is this?

• A. Air pollution
• B. Noise pollution
• C. Water pollution
• D. Light pollution

Câu 21: Which action is the most effective way for individuals to reduce their "ecological footprint"?

• A. Switching to energy-efficient light bulbs.
• B. Recycling paper and plastic.
• C. Using public transportation occasionally.
• D. Adopting a plant-based diet and reducing meat consumption.

Câu 22: What does "biodegradable" mean in the context of environmental waste?

• A. Able to be burned without producing harmful emissions.
• B. Capable of being decomposed by natural biological processes.
• C. Designed to last for a very long time.
• D. Made from recycled materials.

Câu 23: Why is "ozone layer depletion" an environmental concern?

• A. It increases the amount of harmful ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth"s surface.
• B. It contributes to global warming by trapping heat in the atmosphere.
• C. It causes acid rain and damages forests.
• D. It leads to increased smog and air pollution in cities.

Câu 24: Which of these energy sources is considered the most sustainable in the long term?

• A. Coal
• B. Natural Gas
• C. Solar Power
• D. Nuclear Energy

Câu 25: What is the "precautionary principle" in environmental policy?

• A. Only taking action after environmental damage is fully proven and understood.
• B. Ignoring potential environmental risks for the sake of economic progress.
• C. Prioritizing short-term economic benefits over long-term environmental health.
• D. Taking preventative action to avoid potential environmental harm, even if scientific certainty is lacking.

Câu 26: How does "urbanization" typically impact local biodiversity?

• A. It usually increases local biodiversity by creating new habitats.
• B. It generally reduces biodiversity by destroying habitats and fragmenting ecosystems.
• C. It has no significant impact on biodiversity.
• D. It always leads to the creation of more green spaces and parks.

Câu 27: Which of the following is an example of "reusing" in waste management?

• A. Melting down aluminum cans to make new ones.
• B. Composting food scraps and yard waste.
• C. Using glass jars to store leftovers in the refrigerator.
• D. Throwing away broken appliances in designated recycling bins.

Câu 28: What is the main goal of "environmental regulations" set by governments?

• A. To protect natural resources and minimize pollution from human activities.
• B. To promote economic growth at the expense of environmental protection.
• C. To limit individual freedoms and choices.
• D. To increase the profits of large corporations.

Câu 29: In the context of environmental protection, what does "mitigation" refer to?

• A. Ignoring environmental problems and hoping they will resolve themselves.
• B. Taking actions to reduce the severity or impact of environmental problems.
• C. Moving populations away from environmentally damaged areas.
• D. Exploiting natural resources for economic gain regardless of environmental impact.

Câu 30: What is the "tragedy of the commons" as it relates to environmental issues?

• A. The unexpected benefits of environmental regulations.
• B. The positive impact of individual actions on global environmental problems.
• C. The depletion of shared resources when individuals act in their own self-interest.
• D. The successful management of common resources through international cooperation.

Câu 1: Read the following sentence and choose the word that best fits the blank: _______ is the process of converting waste materials into reusable objects to prevent waste of potentially useful materials.

• A. Pollution
• B. Recycling
• C. Deforestation
• D. Conservation

Câu 2: Which of the following is NOT a renewable resource?

• A. Solar energy
• B. Wind power
• C. Fossil fuels
• D. Water

Câu 3: Choose the synonym for "conserve" in the context of environmental protection.

• A. Preserve
• B. Waste
• C. Pollute
• D. Destroy

Câu 4: If deforestation continues at the current rate, what is the most likely long-term consequence for the environment?

• A. Increased biodiversity
• B. Improved air quality
• C. Decreased global warming
• D. Increased risk of soil erosion and climate change

Câu 5: Which human activity is the primary contributor to the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?

• A. Recycling plastic
• B. Planting trees
• C. Burning fossil fuels
• D. Using public transportation

Câu 6: Read the following excerpt: "The rapid industrialization has led to significant environmental challenges." What is the implied relationship between industrialization and environmental challenges?

• A. Industrialization is a major cause of environmental problems.
• B. Environmental challenges help in industrialization.
• C. Industrialization and environmental challenges are unrelated.
• D. Industrialization solves environmental problems.

Câu 7: Which of the following actions is the most effective in reducing plastic waste?

• A. Burning plastic waste for energy
• B. Reducing the use of single-use plastics
• C. Throwing plastic waste in designated bins
• D. Exporting plastic waste to other countries

Câu 8: What does "sustainable development" primarily aim to achieve?

• A. Rapid economic growth at all costs
• B. Ignoring environmental concerns for progress
• C. Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
• D. Using up all natural resources immediately

Câu 9: Choose the antonym for "pollution" in the context of environmental science.

• A. Contamination
• B. Toxicity
• C. Degradation
• D. Purification

Câu 10: Which environmental agreement is aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions globally?

• A. Kyoto Protocol
• B. Paris Agreement
• C. Montreal Protocol
• D. Ramsar Convention

Câu 11: Read the sentence: "Using public transport instead of private cars can help reduce our carbon footprint." What does "carbon footprint" refer to?

• A. The size of your shoes
• B. The amount of money spent on fuel
• C. The total amount of greenhouse gases generated by our actions
• D. The distance you travel in a year

Câu 12: What is the primary purpose of "national parks" and "wildlife reserves"?

• A. To protect biodiversity and natural habitats
• B. To promote industrial development
• C. To extract natural resources
• D. To build residential areas

Câu 13: If a river is described as "eutrophic", what environmental condition does it likely indicate?

• A. Very clean and unpolluted water
• B. High levels of nutrients, often leading to algal blooms and oxygen depletion
• C. Very low levels of dissolved oxygen
• D. An abundance of fish and aquatic life

Câu 14: Which of the following is an example of "reducing" waste, as part of the "reduce, reuse, recycle" principle?

• A. Turning old newspapers into new paper
• B. Using a plastic bottle multiple times
• C. Choosing products with less packaging
• D. Composting food scraps

Câu 15: What is the potential impact of melting glaciers and ice sheets on coastal areas?

• A. Decreased sea levels
• B. Formation of new islands
• C. Improved coastal ecosystems
• D. Increased risk of flooding and coastal erosion

Câu 16: Complete the sentence with the most appropriate word: "Air _______ is a serious problem in many cities due to vehicle emissions and industrial activities."

• A. Purification
• B. Pollution
• C. Conservation
• D. Preservation

Câu 17: Which of these is NOT a benefit of using renewable energy sources?

• A. Reduced dependence on fossil fuels
• B. Lower greenhouse gas emissions
• C. Unlimited availability at all locations
• D. Sustainable energy supply

Câu 18: Analyze the following scenario: A factory releases untreated wastewater into a nearby river. What type of pollution is this and what is a likely consequence?

• A. Water pollution, harming aquatic life and ecosystems
• B. Air pollution, causing respiratory problems
• C. Soil pollution, contaminating agricultural land
• D. Noise pollution, disturbing local communities

Câu 19: What does "biodegradable" mean in the context of waste management?

• A. Impossible to decompose
• B. Decomposed only through recycling processes
• C. Harmful to living organisms
• D. Capable of being decomposed by natural biological processes

Câu 20: Choose the best phrase to complete the sentence: "To protect endangered species, we need to _______ their natural habitats."

• A. Exploit
• B. Destroy
• C. Preserve
• D. Ignore

Câu 21: In the phrase "environmental stewardship", what does "stewardship" imply?

• A. Ownership and control for personal gain
• B. Responsible care and management
• C. Unrestricted use of resources
• D. Ignoring environmental concerns

Câu 22: What is a potential consequence of overfishing in the oceans?

• A. Increase in fish populations
• B. Improved marine biodiversity
• C. Healthier ocean ecosystems
• D. Depletion of fish stocks and disruption of marine ecosystems

Câu 23: Read the following statement: "Climate change is primarily driven by anthropogenic factors." What does "anthropogenic" mean in this context?

• A. Natural and unavoidable
• B. Related to animal behavior
• C. Caused by human activities
• D. Related to plant growth

Câu 24: Which of the following is an example of "reusing" waste?

• A. Melting down glass bottles to make new ones
• B. Using glass jars for storage after they are empty
• C. Breaking down food waste in a compost bin
• D. Separating paper from plastic waste

Câu 25: What is the role of "wetlands" in environmental protection?

• A. They act as natural filters, flood buffers, and habitats for wildlife
• B. They are primarily used for industrial waste disposal
• C. They are insignificant for environmental balance
• D. They are mainly used for agriculture

Câu 26: Choose the most suitable phrase to complete the sentence: "We can _______ energy by turning off lights when leaving a room."

• A. Waste
• B. Pollute
• C. Generate
• D. Conserve

Câu 27: What is "acid rain" and what is its primary cause?

• A. Rain with high alkaline content, caused by deforestation
• B. Rain with high acidic content, caused by pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
• C. Rain with high salt content, caused by ocean evaporation
• D. Naturally occurring pure rainwater

Câu 28: Which farming practice is most beneficial for soil conservation and long-term soil health?

• A. Monoculture farming with heavy pesticide use
• B. Intensive tilling and plowing
• C. Crop rotation and no-till farming
• D. Slash-and-burn agriculture

Câu 29: What is the main environmental concern associated with the disposal of electronic waste (e-waste)?

• A. It contributes to air pollution due to burning
• B. It is easily biodegradable
• C. It mainly causes noise pollution
• D. It contains hazardous materials that can contaminate soil and water

Câu 30: If a community decides to implement "xeriscaping", what are they most likely trying to achieve?

• A. Increase water usage in landscaping
• B. Reduce water consumption in landscaping
• C. Promote the use of chemical fertilizers
• D. Convert natural habitats into gardens

Câu 1: Choose the word that is closest in meaning to "biodegradable".

• A. non-toxic
• B. decomposable
• C. recyclable
• D. reusable

Câu 2: Which of the following is NOT a renewable energy source?

• A. solar power
• B. wind energy
• C. coal
• D. hydropower

Câu 3: Complete the sentence: To reduce air pollution, we should ________ public transportation instead of private cars.

• A. utilize
• B. decrease
• C. ignore
• D. pollute

Câu 4: Read the sentence and identify the environmental problem: "The increasing levels of CO2 in the atmosphere are trapping heat and causing the Earth"s temperature to rise."

• A. deforestation
• B. global warming
• C. water pollution
• D. soil erosion

Câu 5: What is the primary purpose of "reduce, reuse, recycle"?

• A. to increase consumption
• B. to create more landfills
• C. to promote pollution
• D. to minimize waste

Câu 6: Which human activity contributes most significantly to deforestation?

• A. recycling paper
• B. using renewable energy
• C. agriculture and farming
• D. urban planning

Câu 7: If a product is labeled "eco-friendly", what does it generally imply?

• A. It is expensive.
• B. It is not harmful to the environment.
• C. It is made of plastic.
• D. It is for industrial use only.

Câu 8: Choose the best way to complete this sentence: "________ is the protection of natural resources."

• A. Pollution
• B. Deforestation
• C. Contamination
• D. Conservation

Câu 9: Which of these actions is an example of "reusing"?

• A. using a plastic bottle as a plant pot
• B. melting down glass to make new bottles
• C. burning paper for heat
• D. throwing away old clothes

Câu 10: What is the negative impact of plastic pollution on marine life?

• A. It improves water quality.
• B. It creates new habitats.
• C. It can harm or kill marine animals.
• D. It has no effect on marine life.

Câu 11: Read the following sentence and choose the best word to fill in the blank: "We need to find _________ solutions to environmental problems to ensure a healthy planet for future generations."

• A. temporary
• B. sustainable
• C. immediate
• D. complex

Câu 12: Which gas is primarily responsible for the greenhouse effect?

• A. Oxygen
• B. Nitrogen
• C. Hydrogen
• D. Carbon Dioxide

Câu 13: What does "carbon footprint" measure?

• A. total greenhouse gas emissions
• B. amount of waste recycled
• C. size of a forest area
• D. water consumption per person

Câu 14: If a country is experiencing a drought, which environmental issue is it primarily facing?

• A. air pollution
• B. deforestation
• C. water scarcity
• D. soil contamination

Câu 15: Which international agreement aims to address climate change?

• A. Kyoto Protocol
• B. Paris Agreement
• C. Montreal Protocol
• D. Rio Declaration

Câu 16: What is the term for the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem?

• A. Ecosystem
• B. Habitat
• C. Biodiversity
• D. Biosphere

Câu 17: Which of the following is a consequence of melting glaciers and ice sheets?

• A. sea level rise
• B. decrease in rainfall
• C. increased biodiversity
• D. cooler temperatures

Câu 18: What type of pollution is caused by excessive noise from traffic, industries, etc.?

• A. water pollution
• B. air pollution
• C. land pollution
• D. noise pollution

Câu 19: Which farming practice is most sustainable for the environment?

• A. intensive farming
• B. organic farming
• C. monoculture farming
• D. slash-and-burn agriculture

Câu 20: What is the main environmental benefit of using paper bags instead of plastic bags?

• A. They are stronger.
• B. They are cheaper to produce.
• C. They are biodegradable.
• D. They are waterproof.

Câu 21: Choose the sentence that best describes "environmental awareness".

• A. ignoring environmental problems
• B. using resources without considering future impact
• C. only caring about personal comfort
• D. understanding and acting responsibly towards the environment

Câu 22: What does "emission" refer to in the context of environmental science?

• A. absorption of pollutants
• B. release of substances into the environment
• C. recycling of materials
• D. conservation of resources

Câu 23: Which of the following materials is most suitable for composting?

• A. plastic bottles
• B. metal cans
• C. fruit peels
• D. glass jars

Câu 24: What is the role of trees in preventing soil erosion?

• A. roots hold the soil together
• B. leaves absorb excess water
• C. bark protects soil from sunlight
• D. branches create shade

Câu 25: Which of these is an example of water conservation at home?

• A. watering plants excessively
• B. taking shorter showers
• C. leaving taps running
• D. using disposable dishes

Câu 26: What is "sustainable development"?

• A. rapid economic growth at any cost
• B. ignoring environmental regulations
• C. using up all natural resources now
• D. development that meets present needs without harming future generations

Câu 27: If a river is described as "contaminated", what does it mean?

• A. very clean and pure
• B. flowing very fast
• C. polluted and impure
• D. naturally filtered

Câu 28: Which of the following is NOT a way to reduce your food waste?

• A. buying more food than you need
• B. planning your meals
• C. composting food scraps
• D. storing food properly

Câu 29: What is the benefit of using energy-efficient appliances?

• A. They are more expensive to buy.
• B. They reduce energy consumption and pollution.
• C. They increase global warming.
• D. They are harder to use.

Câu 30: Which of the following is a benefit of protecting rainforests?

• A. increased desertification
• B. more air pollution
• C. reduced oxygen production
• D. preservation of biodiversity

Câu 1: Read the following sentence and choose the word that best fits the blank: ‘To reduce waste, we should all try to _______ more.’

• A. consume
• B. recycle
• C. produce
• D. dispose

Câu 2: Which of the following is NOT an example of renewable energy?

• A. Solar energy
• B. Wind energy
• C. Coal
• D. Geothermal energy

Câu 3: What is the primary greenhouse gas responsible for global warming?

• A. Methane
• B. Nitrous oxide
• C. Ozone
• D. Carbon dioxide

Câu 4: Choose the best synonym for ‘conservation’ in the context of environmental protection.

• A. Preservation
• B. Destruction
• C. Exploitation
• D. Negligence

Câu 5: If deforestation continues at the current rate, what is the most likely long-term consequence?

• A. Increased rainfall in affected areas
• B. Improved air quality globally
• C. Loss of biodiversity and habitat
• D. Expansion of fertile land for agriculture

Câu 6: Which action is the most effective in reducing plastic pollution in oceans?

• A. Developing better ocean cleanup technologies
• B. Reducing the use of single-use plastics
• C. Increasing plastic recycling rates globally
• D. Promoting the use of biodegradable plastics

Câu 7: What does ‘carbon footprint’ refer to in environmental discussions?

• A. The amount of fossil fuels burned by a factory
• B. The area of forest needed to absorb pollution
• C. The environmental impact of transportation
• D. The total greenhouse gas emissions caused by an individual, organization, event or product

Câu 8: Complete the sentence with the correct conditional: ‘If we _______ more trees, the air quality in cities would improve.’

• A. planted
• B. will plant
• C. plant
• D. would plant

Câu 9: Which of these environmental problems is primarily caused by burning fossil fuels?

• A. Soil erosion
• B. Air pollution and climate change
• C. Deforestation
• D. Water scarcity

Câu 10: What is ‘sustainable development’ aiming to achieve?

• A. Rapid economic growth at any environmental cost
• B. Using up all natural resources for current needs
• C. Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
• D. Focusing solely on environmental protection, ignoring economic development

Câu 11: Choose the sentence that uses the passive voice correctly in the context of environmental action.

• A. People protect forests.
• B. We are protecting forests.
• C. Protecting forests is important.
• D. Forests should be protected by governments.

Câu 12: What is the role of wetlands in the environment?

• A. Primarily for agricultural irrigation
• B. To filter water and provide habitats for wildlife
• C. Mainly for industrial water supply
• D. Exclusively for recreational purposes

Câu 13: Which of the following is a consequence of melting glaciers and ice caps?

• A. Decrease in ocean salinity
• B. Lowering of global temperatures
• C. Rise in sea levels
• D. Increase in freshwater availability globally

Câu 14: What is the meaning of ‘biodegradable’ in relation to products?

• A. Able to decompose naturally
• B. Extremely durable and long-lasting
• C. Made from recycled materials
• D. Designed for single use only

Câu 15: Complete the sentence using the appropriate modal verb: ‘We _______ reduce our energy consumption to help the environment.’

• A. Might
• B. Should
• C. Can
• D. Will

Câu 16: Which human activity contributes most significantly to ocean acidification?

• A. Plastic waste disposal
• B. Overfishing
• C. Industrial wastewater discharge
• D. Burning fossil fuels

Câu 17: What is one way individuals can reduce their water footprint?

• A. Using more chemical fertilizers in gardens
• B. Washing clothes more frequently
• C. Taking shorter showers
• D. Watering lawns daily, regardless of rainfall

Câu 18: Which of these is an example of ‘reducing’ in the context of ‘Reduce, Reuse, Recycle’?

• A. Choosing products with less packaging
• B. Turning old clothes into rags
• C. Sorting waste into different bins
• D. Buying products made from recycled materials

Câu 19: What is the main purpose of ‘national parks’ and ‘wildlife reserves’?

• A. To promote tourism and recreation
• B. To protect natural habitats and biodiversity
• C. To extract natural resources sustainably
• D. To provide land for urban development

Câu 20: Which environmental agreement is aimed at reducing global greenhouse gas emissions?

• A. The Kyoto Protocol
• B. The Montreal Protocol
• C. The Basel Convention
• D. The Paris Agreement

Câu 21: If a factory releases pollutants into a river, what type of pollution is this?

• A. Air pollution
• B. Land pollution
• C. Water pollution
• D. Noise pollution

Câu 22: What is ‘eco-tourism’ designed to promote?

• A. Mass tourism in natural areas
• B. Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment
• C. Building large resorts in wilderness areas
• D. Unrestricted access to all natural environments for tourists

Câu 23: Which of the following materials is most suitable for composting?

• A. Plastic bottles
• B. Aluminum cans
• C. Food scraps and yard waste
• D. Glass jars

Câu 24: What is the potential impact of overfishing on marine ecosystems?

• A. Increased coral reef growth
• B. Improved water clarity in oceans
• C. Higher populations of all marine species
• D. Disruption of marine food chains and ecosystem imbalance

Câu 25: Choose the best word to complete: ‘Using public transport instead of cars can help _______ air pollution.’

• A. Increase
• B. Reduce
• C. Worsen
• D. Ignore

Câu 26: What does the term ‘ozone layer depletion’ primarily refer to?

• A. The thinning of the ozone layer in the stratosphere
• B. The increase in ozone concentration at ground level
• C. The pollution of ozone in urban areas
• D. The natural cycle of ozone production and destruction

Câu 27: What is a ‘rainwater harvesting system’ used for?

• A. To purify polluted river water
• B. To desalinate seawater for drinking
• C. To collect and store rainwater for later use
• D. To drain excess water from agricultural fields

Câu 28: Which of these is a disadvantage of using nuclear energy?

• A. High carbon emissions
• B. Depletion of fossil fuels
• C. Dependence on weather conditions
• D. Production of radioactive waste

Câu 29: In the context of environmental protection, what does ‘ecological footprint’ measure?

• A. The size of a protected natural area
• B. The demand humans place on nature
• C. The number of species in an ecosystem
• D. The level of pollution in a specific area

Câu 30: Which action is LEAST likely to help protect the environment?

• A. Using energy-efficient appliances
• B. Planting trees in urban areas
• C. Increasing consumption of disposable goods
• D. Supporting sustainable agriculture practices